Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Evaluierung einer systemischen Kombinationstherapie mit Meropenem und Linezolid zur
Behandlung von postoperativen Endophthalmitiden. Methoden: Retrospektive Analyse der Endophthalmitistherapie mit systemischem Meropenem und
Linezolid verglichen mit konventioneller Antibiotikatherapie zur Beurteilung von Therapieerfolg
und Nebenwirkungen. Ergebnisse: 26 Patienten mit unilateraler postoperativer Endophthalmitis mit einer systemischen
Kombinationstherapie aus Meropenem (2 g 3 × /Tag, durchschnittliche Therapiedauer
von 5,5 Tagen) und Linezolid (600 mg 2 × /Tag, durchschnittliche Therapiedauer von
8,9 Tagen) (Gruppe 1, Nachbeobachtungszeit 140 Tage) wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen
und mit 45 Patienten verglichen, welche bei postoperativer Endophthalmitis mit konventionellen
Antibiotika behandelt wurden (Gruppe 2, Nachbeobachtungszeit 320 Tage). In Gruppe
1 erhielten 69,2 % der Augen zusätzlich intravitreal Amikazin und Vancomycin (vs.
24,4 % in Gruppe 2; p < 0,001), bei 92,3 % der Augen wurde eine Vitrektomie durchgeführt
(vs. 68,9 % in Gruppe 2; p = 0,047). Von der Erstuntersuchung bis zum Ende der Nachbeobachtungszeit
verbesserte sich der Visus in Gruppe 1 von 1,76 auf 0,91 logMar (p = 0,0001) und in
Gruppe 2 von 1,83 auf 0,90 logMar (p < 0,0001), ohne signifikanten Unterschied zwischen
beiden Gruppen (p > 0,05). Okuläre Komplikationen wurden in 34,6 % der Augen in Gruppe
1 gefunden (vs. 37,8 % in Gruppe 2; p > 0,05). Nebenwirkungen ereigneten sich signifikant
häufiger in Gruppe 1 (26,9 % vs. 4,4 % in Gruppe 2; p = 0,02). Schlussfolgerung: Trotz der bekannten besseren Penetration durch die Blut-Augen-Schranke und des breiteren
antibakteriellen Spektrums von Meropenem und Linezolid wurde in der vorliegenden Studie
kein Vorteil im Endresultat, jedoch deutlich höhere Kosten und eine höhere Nebenwirkungsrate
mit dieser Kombinationstherapie gefunden.
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis
with combined systemic meropenem and linezolid. Methods: A retrospective analysis of endophthalmitis treated with systemic meropenem and linezolid
compared to conventional systemic antibiotics by evaluation of outcome and adverse
effects was carried out. Results: 26 patients with unilateral postoperative endophthalmitis with a systemic combination
regimen of meropenem (2 g TID, mean duration of treatment 5.5 days) and linezolid
(600 mg BID, mean duration of treatment 8.9 days) (group 1, mean follow-up time 140
days) were included in this study and compared to 45 postoperative endophthalmitis
patients treated with conventional systemic antibiotics (group 2; mean follow-up time
320 days). In group 1, 69.2 % of eyes additionally received intravitreal amikacin
and vancomycin (vs. 24.4 % in group 2; p < 0.001), in 92.3 % pars plana vitrectomy
was performed (vs. 68.9 % in group 2, p = 0.047). Mean best corrected visual acuity
improved from a baseline of 1.76 logMar for group 1 and 1.83 logMar for group 2 to
0.91 logMar (p = 0.0001) and 0.90 logMar (p < 0.0001), respectively, at the end of
the follow-up, revealing no significant differences between the two groups at any
time point (p > 0.05). Ocular complications were observed in 34.6 % of eyes in group
1 (vs. 37.8 % in group 2; p > 0.05). Adverse drug effects occurred significantly more
frequently in group 1 (26.9 % vs. 4.4 % p = 0.02). Conclusion: In spite of the reported better penetration through the blood-ocular barrier and
the broader antibacterial spectrum of meropenem and linezolid, no benefit in outcome
was found in the present study. In contrast, adverse effects and costs of the combination
regimen were significantly higher.
Schlüsselwörter
Endophthalmitis - Outcome - Meropenem - Linezolid - systemische Antibiotikatherapie
Key words
endophthalmitis - outcome - meropenem - linezolid - systemic antibiotic treatment
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Christoph Tappeiner, MD
Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, University Hospital
3010 Bern, Switzerland
Phone: ++ 41/31 632 25 01
Fax: ++ 41/31 382 47 79
Email: christoph.tappeiner@insel.ch